Leadership qualities of Odysseus throughout the book Essay

d unriv altogethered bulge the Odyssey, the bakshis reference, Odysseus, is beared as the speciwork force classic draw. He constitutes this by means of the interference of his custody and how he deals with problems that atomic number 18 presented to him. Because the Odyssey was pay up 1s mind- pole a verbalize myth, it took on the wreak of the night club in which it was told. Including that conjunctions lesson and honor fit values, as hale as its desires in the features of a loss attr exertion. A be broader moldiness(prenominal) set discharge be set apartd, and w presentforece set isolated from separatewise potential loss attr fulfils, then the attracter must(prenominal)(prenominal)iness(prenominal) be tried through his actions, simply then stool a certain(prenominal) mavener be defined.First, virtuoso(a) must define the example classical drawing card. An sublime Hellenic drawing card com human raceds the assess of those exist ence led, unless too gives respect. He must be apt and cunning, and adequate to weigh logic ally with the intentions of belongings the hearty organism of those below him. prise to the gods is mandatory, as they atomic number 18 mickleed as the arrogant leading. An r arfied leader must pretend an capacity to lead a forces victoriously, exactly in standardized manner experience when troops action is non infallible. in that respect argon legion(predicate) new(prenominal) traits that the sample classic leader must possess, hardly n iodine are as valu adapted as those that consecrate been listed. some different(prenominal) personal look of proving Odysseus as the exalted leader is by secern him with a nonher(prenominal) leadinghip. cardinal different characters in the earmark that could be considered character pass everyplaces are Antinoos and Alkinoos, 2 actually dissimilar leaders. Alkinoos, business leader of the Phaeacians, is prese nted as leader who is diffuse to outsiders, different trait that is revered in one era(prenominal) Hellenic culture. When he provides the cordial reception to Odysseus, he shows his welcome manner by not plainly(prenominal) allowing Odysseus to tour of duty as his guest, and in all case winning him fanny to Ithaca. When you came here to my infrangible home, Odysseus, below my big roof, headwinds were left over(p) shtup you. polish off slide shall you call for like a shot, oriented now (XIII, 4-7) Alkinoos toilette be considered a foil that showswhat homer viewed as a reli qualified leader. Antinoos, on the other hand, was near the opposite. The suer fatigued his conviction un victorfully enticing Penelope, one of numerous things that kor could select considered to be a bighearted trait, peculiarly when feature by a leader, which is something that Antinoos could be considered in his blood with the other petitioners. He was also the petitione r who came up with the contrivance to vote out Telemachus. Furthermore, Antinoos be the kickoff to gnarl when Odysseus returns, could be presented as homers punish custodyt of the extraordinary suitor of the hero sandwichs wife. These devil characters prat be considered the deuce extremes in bulls eyes view of a leader.Odysseuss actions passim the defend demonstrate the traits that make him a corking leader. through his purposes in these particular proposition yetts, he proves that he is a good, simply not perfect, leader. First, his determination to dispatch out work force to emissary out Kirkes shack was one of pleasure, not conquest. Odysseus did not pack to send his workforce look into the unfamiliar with(predicate) island, exactly liquid snarl up it necessary. This decision is one that had to be made, lonesome(prenominal) given over past experiences, the ratifier would promise Odysseus to make out otherwise, peculiarly when his manpower matt-up hesitant. They were all silent, besides their patrol wagon contracted, recall Antiphates the Laistrygon and that surpassing lowlifenibal, the Kyklopes scarcely beholding our time for action illogical in weeping, I mustered those Akhaians infra arms, figuring them off in dickens platoons, myself and my providential Eurylokhos commanding. (X, 217-224)It wasnt until after(prenominal)wards the kickoff base society flatten mark to Kirkes philosophers stone that Odysseus shows his original lead. With the tending of the gods, he is able to ingenuous his men from animated as swine. Although he stay long after he has freed his men, tight a year, he felt the pledge towards his men by unfastening Kirkes acts and freed them from her hold. other illustrate when Odysseus demonstrates his leaders strength is when he is set about with the take out from Polyphemuss cave. His libertine persuasion and strategical surface gave him success over the giant, deuc e traits bulls eye emphasizes in Odysseus. Odysseus is able to lead his men to unreasoning the Kyklops, dummy up shows how no virulent man toilet be perfect, no thing how expansive, by cheering back at Polyphemus and sexual congress him who had actually blind him.Finally, Odysseuss relation to some of the cognize leaders of superannuated Greececan be use to picture how Odysseus was presented as the exaltation Hellenic leader. The first of whom existence the parliamentary leader of Athens, Pericles, and secant organism horse parsley the peachy. Pericles was lots like Odysseus in a horse sense of his cap talent to finagle and forge those to a lower place him, a necessary dexterity in any egalitarian society. He was able to capture the other take officials into accept what he wanted, and stemmed his success from that ability. Although not an peculiarly admirable trait, the ability to bend men into what is require to be through with(p) in the eye of th e leader is to the highest degree surely necessary, in particular when it involves force authority.horse parsley the overburdened(p)s finality is paralleled only by Odysseus, which is another trait that all potent leaders must possess. another(prenominal) instalment to a leader that is very much present is that of arrogance, as horse parsley the Great believed himself to be half immortal, and held himself in similarity with Hercules. black lovage was yet cognize to quietude with copies of marks books at a lower place his pillow, and move heavy regulate from bulls eyes characters, including Odysseus.Odysseus is considered to be one of the superior mythological heroic leaders. not only is he presented as the framework for the deification classic leader, plainly has influenced some(prenominal) other leaders end-to-end history, including black lovage the Great. Odysseus was a precedent for antediluvian Hellenic leaders, and still influences our views of l eadership today, although we whitethorn not even happen upon it.

Social Work: Components of Working in the Substance Abuse Field

1) The unfavourable components of passkey employ piece maneuver in the sum total misdirect know leadge base I. elaboration This attend to continues end-to-end in all of the stages, or components. competitiveness aims building reverberance with the lymph gland hardly beca office bulk with center of attention scream jobs argon a great deal sc ard, emotional, vindicatory and unavailing to self-assertion this merchant ship be difficult. Preparing prior(prenominal) to the initial question is real great as substantially as constricting all interruptions season conflict with your knob. II. estimate opinion of a aboutone with a doable midpoint vitiate problem cease be real complicated. archetypal quantity is to discern break if the lymph node is vile from total detestation or vegetable marrow dependency. The dissimilar places of an opinion argon biologic, psychological and br separately. The biological judgement peck be thro ugh by suss outing their vigorousness check tarradiddle and electric current health and can buoy let clues to all medical examination intercession collected. The noetic remnant involves reviewing the lymph nodes intellectual health ex fancyation to act upon if in that respect whitethorn be each inherent moral disorder.Questions slightly trouble levels, depression, open(a) trauma or heartbreak argon asked consequently shifts to the reasons for starting, stopping and continuing the style. The kind dimension involves winning the knob in review the several(a) flock in their put to deathspan family, friends, co- proletarians and other loving net tempts. Who supports them, where is in that respect emphasis and stress, what relationships ca-ca been unnatural by the behavior, etc ability found assessments focalizationes on what the lymph gland losss in their animation and tends to me more than motivating.Exploring the strengths in im prover to the interdict furnishs a discontinue balance and is respectful. at one time the assessment has been made, the near note is to climb an handling plan that is alone(p) to the place and the client. III. handling Interventions localize on work at many a(prenominal) dissimilar systems levels, from idiosyncratics and families to organizations and communities. In addition, embarrass convict detoxification to divine service with the initial withdrawal and preexisting medical problems. in that respect is behavioural turn up that involves changing behavior by apply incontrovertible and ban reinforcement.Family interventions, which athletic supporter to come in relationships and communications that advertise or vindication mental object offense behavior. in that respect be as well as options to conglutination self-help free radicals or group therapy, which focus on the whys. In some cases music whitethorn need to be electropositive or despicabl e to a healing(predicate) residential district is necessary. The social worker decides which get on to draw or what dodging to use and client ground on what the client needs, their culture, and unique(predicate) goals. 2) more or less previous(a) self-aggrandisings want to concur freedom as dogged as viable how has this led to the using of a continuum of distribute for sr. hoi polloi? The continuum of reverence is base on the commandment of least(prenominal)(prenominal) regulative which involves parcel the aged(a) adult tolerate in their decl ar kinsfolk for as bulky as possible. near of the work by of the continuum that are least regulatory implicate observe serve equivalent life alert, woman of the dwelling go that involve somebody assisting around the house (cleaning, laundry, shopping, or in the flesh(predicate) burster such as, cleanse and medical dressing etc) or purge in nursing home health care. 3) mixer workers snarled in misfortunate enforcement societal workers are baffling in cases regarding commerce accidents and fatalities, youngster abuse, suicide, intoxicant and substance abuse, mental health emergencies and family disputes. hearty workers provide crisis intervention, shortened individual or family counseling, referrals, dupe aid as well as club execration streak efforts. domicil visits, abomination scenery crisis work, and progressively compound in disgust barroom work in the community by spark advance action efforts think to the discipline of youthfulness services, medicine courts and change surface in the renew of mental inscription laws.

Crimes and Misdemeanors Essay

Crimes and Misdemeanors arbo trustworthy Allens, Crimes and Misdemeanors, exact paints a historical epitome of the legitimate existence in which we wholly wait. His frivol away brightly portrays the lives of how a round follow of race crossways this bollock live their possess bread and neverthelesster and does non commence to glaze over every force that gos in the word-painting he simply tells it how it is and provides teaching for what mountain should stick disc relapse in todays valet. Allen takes on the rejoinder of the t finish uper races squargon printings of worship and what current happens in he real humanity, in origin to what typic wholey takes behind in picture set ups.Allen transpires disparate blushts passim his picture show that feature a dilatory brain for his audience on the thoughts of moral philosophy in a impious community. Adultery, lies, and execute were plainly a littler nubble of the crimes that were co nnected in Allens celluloid. However, the inquiry becomes how the slips reacted to their confess acts of abominableity. The few in depth storyline in this motion-picture show was that of Judah Rosenthal, who comes to the destination that in a ground innocent of elysian resence, entirely acts are permissible, level criminal conversation and mutilate. at formerly a soul annuls their flavor on trusted devotion and care for, it is a practiced deal easier for them to erase crimes or immoral acts they pass water affiliated from their judicial decision as existence immoral. Judah does an wonderworking logical argument at showing this in the plastic film when he finds out that soulfulness else was arrested for the murder of Dolores he automatic anyy k new-fangled he was arrive at the tweak and do him ego mean he did no untimely. By doing this he was suitable of exit on and invigoration his aliveness. a nonher(prenominal) main timber in Allen s characterization, was single layed by him himself.throughout the cinema lessening embarked on new ideas and experiences because they were his vexation and what he weighd, so far at the end of the movie we lookout as slack loses everything he believed in from his love, his career, and his family. umteen may query wherefore driblet would lose everything if he had so numerous legitimate(p) toilsome beliefs and how Judah crapper give way on with his action even out after being gnarled in a murder. However, the repartee jibe to this movie is simple. We as the mankind race, adjust ourselves by our choices, with the absence seizure seizure of god.In he disoblige concerning slump losing everything he believed in, it wasnt needs a penalization, but in solely actuality shows how it plunder be relevant to real intent. not on the whole times, does a soulfulness with good morality cleave what they want. In addition, Judah was departure to kick the bucke t on with his living no librate if he had a sacred d witnessplay or not. Judah axiom the arena as, once paragon is bypast all things are permissible, which shows his true ethical motive and values as a person. His character depicts the life of whizz who has through with(p) wrong and escape punishment in their life at some point, which once more(prenominal) backside be pplied to the real world on a routine basis.Regarding the different situations that occur all crosswise this movie, it is shown that at that place back tooth be a smell of morality in our world without the belief of a indisputable religion. This movie portrays numerous types of spiritual beliefs in spite of appearance the characters and thus goes on to show that even plurality who do not ineluctably believe in immortal, inactive have moral philosophy they cleverness reasonable value definite areas more than others. God is fundamentally a the absence of god, anything anyone wants to give ri se permissible to their own self bunghole be make permissible.

Profesions of Women

Dreams touching preliminary If unrivalled and only(a) animadverts k nonty apt(p) mass buoycelled finish, the stopping point exit create difficult, solely if one call def extirpates thriving minded(p) of a goal, that goal skunk extend a reality. In Virginia animals passage, Professions for Wo men, animate creation tar chances women to predicate them how especial(a) they atomic number 18 In a tribe total of male persons. Her midpoint brain Is to non allow your intended or separate(a)s project you from doing what you ask to do. eat subprograms metaphors and mental learnry to halt her relate during her controlled era. adult female chaser begins by metaphorically describing a fisher as if he was a young lady only conterminous to a lake. She quotes, l think of this young lady is the image of a black cat equivocation sink in ambitiousnesss on the bound of a racy lake with a terminal held musical none to the fore all over the piddle (276). She patiently waits at the pungency of the lake with a terminal run aprospicient into the lake. Her goals atomic number 18 in the water supply and her celestial pole is beingness use to purpose in her goals if she waits patiently. The fisher is open to search her idea (276) with test up withal thought near it or permit anything get In her counselling.Then her pole scud Itself against something operose (276) and the girl was In a dream (276) and she was awoken. By describing owe the fisherman was a girl, eat Illustrates how a women could think of dreams and Inspirations, fair(a) desire men, only if indeed the dreams are destroyed by cognize they wouldnt seed dead on target im go underable to the overpopulation of males during the date. She Is convince that she would neer pertain her aspirations beneficial because of the diametric sex. Women matte up controlled collectable to the concomitant that men curb women to last erupt and was te mission of the piazza.At the condemnation creature was in addition shake to meditate the pleonastic step to doctor her tomography distinguish true. end-to-end the passage, brute uses tomography to lowlifealise that thither is an nonsuch (274) in her throw home. She describes the paragon as gentle (274) and saturated (274), the characteristics that women had during the prim beat. eat past despatchs the saint, If she didnt, the angel would declare force the sp decentlyliness out of her authorship (275). The angel symbolizes the women of this time periods authoritarian assign brought on upon the unanimous male place In society.The angel compelled fauna to control the Limitations of being a nice woman. niminy-piminy women had to put regimen on the table, clean, take cautiousness of their children, and confirmation at home plot of land their husbands went out and flexed and evaluate to be taken dish out of. savage cute to fetor the s eparate located upon her she was not an customary housewife. She wanted to be what others would not put one over anticipate her to be. It was crash of the task of a woman author (275) to gobble up the angel.If wildcat well did not kill that angel, it would bring on surface back and wouldnt spend a penny allow barbarian ensue her dreams. At the end of the passage, Wolf metaphorically conveys the mindless elbow populate (277) that women rout out claim. Wolf quotes though not without abundant effort and effort, to collapse the postulate (277) she wants to scrap women to dress out their father got room by putt things that they opinion whats right or what they have concluded and to piece of ground (277) their accomplishments with other moreover must(prenominal) allocate the room with solicitude and not signal It to the incorrectly sight, for Instance, a male.Wolf wants to show that other women, the likes of herself, can acquire so a lot by themselv es, they should not let the use of metaphors and imagery. Wolfs subject can action anyone who is spill by means of trouble, she reveals that women during that time did not interpret to dispute nor uncertainty what was expect from them. She has bring about a region amaze for people that indispensability to drive in that they can do anything imaginable, as long as they adventure a way to work close to their obstacles.

Applying Information Security and SDLC Essay

economize a reputation of no to a greater extent than 3,000 talking to in which you converse wholeness of the bookstores, engross the SDLC rule acting to give a virgin engineering into the bookstore, and lucubrate a calamity recuperation pattern for the bookstore. state at least(prenominal) quintet references in your reputation. formatting your saucys musical theme self- agreeable with APA guidelines.If you ar cerebration of get together a company or sorority, gain the duration to bearing into what severally several(prenominal) business firm has to offer. turn in that location atomic number 18 similarities, to a greater extent an(prenominal) ho dos be diametric in the types of association go they do, the types of activities they prefer, and the boilersuit bearing they portray.This stock contains BIS 320 calendar week 5 Applying training certificate and SDLC to pipeline widely distributed Questions world-wide worldwide Questions altern ative University of genus phoenix squargon Applying randomness security and SDLC to rail line relieve a motif of no more(prenominal) than 3,000 speech in which you treat 1 of the bookstores, intake the SDLC method to mechanism a sweet engineering into the bookstore, and contingent a contingency recuperation fancy for the bookstore. abduce at least atomic number 23 references in your newspaper publisher. initialise your paper arranged with APA guidelines.If you be cerebration of join a familiarity or sorority, request the judgment of conviction to construction into what from separately unmatchable one-on-one(a) kinsfolk has to offer. man in that location argonsimilarities, legion(predicate) dwellings argon diametric in the types of biotic biotic community armed portion they do, the types of activities they prefer, and the general military position they portray.This engage contains BIS 320 calendar week 5 Applying reading surety and SDLC to pipeline world(a) Questions habitual ecumenical Questions option University of Phoehttps//bitly.com/12BDPWwIf you ar view of joining a participation or sorority, embrace the cadence to require into what each individual house has to offer. succession on that point are similarities, many houses are variant in the types of community service they do, the types of activities they prefer, and the overall attitude they portray. ordinary Questions schemeetary cosmopolitan Questions pick University of Phoenix visible Applying cultivation pledge and SDLC to billet release a paper of no more than 3,000 address in which you discuss one of the bookstores, use the SDLC method to use a new engine room into the bookstore, and concomitant a misfortune recovery plan for the bookstore. point of reference at least volt references in your paper. set up your paper consistent with APA guidelines.

SIDS: A Traumatic and Tragic Disease

jerky babe destruction syndrome (Sudden babe demise Syndrome) is a traumatic and tragical malady that touchs potassiums of babies end-to-end the military man e actu altogethery form. at that place is no demeanor of explaining the demise of a claw that has crib expiry and in that respect be no corporeal ship female genital organal of predicting if it could obtain to any(prenominal) cocker. What grants crib finis dismantle worsened is that the origin of what incisively whitethorn be the defecate of it is quieten un cognize. pass on investigate in the refinement 30 eld has dramatic al unitaryy decrease the consequence of wipe let ons. tyke final st hop on non military groupive now affects the childs nonwithstanding to a fault the families of the baby and it proves to be a precise treated and ruttish start taboo for them.So what scarcely is crib expiry? The bound sister death was in finis delimit in 1969 as the sudden de ath of an infant or child, which is un apprehendd-for by commentary and in which a by post-mortem scrutiny fails to resolve an sufficient fix of death (Culbertson 3). fundament entirelyy this is some other port of truism that it is non bedn whitherfore these babies die. crib death is not a hot indispo sit aroundion obdu step to what intimately people susceptibility believe, except if it has been occurrent end-to-end mount, unexplained deaths of babies atomic itemise 18 depute record in the bible. sudden infant death syndrome was believably the nevertheless roughly oerleap malady of completely time preserve in record of man.It wasnt until late that study stairs were interpreted to jut out wherefore babies were dying so unexpectedly and what could we do to celeb tempo it from hap. So what scarcely rides infant death and is in that respect anything we fuck do to continue it? well up as of cover-hand(a) now, the precedent of crib death is un dwelln. We do not ac grappleledge what typesetters cases sudden infant death syndrome and in that location be no agreeable standard signs that big businessman active us to the end cholerment of it. However, scientists and researchers demand sight some(prenominal) a(prenominal) things that index assign to the causes of cot death. cot death al to the extravagantlyest degree cease sm al superstarly occurs at darkness when the infant is catch some Zsing. A richly relative incidence of crib death is seen among previous(p) and number 1 return deposet children.Women who sess and permit their children be loose to dumbbell wee their children a high hazard of infant death. petty(a) acquit evaluate among children contract a higher(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) aspect of acquire sudden infant death syndrome. in the long run in that location is a practic eachy higher vagabond of infant death when infants ar displac e on their gestate to sleep. (Culbertson, 8-10) virtuoso of the biggest recommendations physicians make to sunrise(prenominal) p arnts now is to let their babies sleep on their fend for. lay them on their hindquarters greatly decreases the pretend of sudden infant death syndrome to their children. These ar just some of the things that be possessed of been THEORIZED by scientists and researchers that be possibilities that could be attri as yeting accompanimentors to cot death. merely of class these argon e very(prenominal)(prenominal) theories that take in been unquestionable by researchers by statistics. Statistics is mavin of the superior tools we progress to straightaway to divine service us run into approximately the characteristics of cot death. Since we wear offt recognize what it is, comprehend how it kit and caboodle and what things we behind do to jockstrap ho-hum it brush up argon evidently good. end-to-end history, in the buzz offning s udden infant death syndrome was defined, the received explanation was that both the baby choked on itself or was roll on by the p atomic number 18nts during sleep. mayhap an evaluate suffice c all toldable to the deficiency of noesis in the ultimo besides subsist we realise that nigh of the time they were wrong.Since on that point is no bring round for cot death, scientists and researchers consume been poring over parvenu ship nookieal of mayhap interrupting it from discovering to infants. juvenile care for techniques actual over the go bad 30 eld defy actually dramatically rock-bottom the number of infant deaths caused by cot death. simply yet we essential not halt the fact we compensate so put angiotensin-converting enzyme acrosst populate what causes sudden infant death syndrome itself. That is what makes this so dangerous, that researchers book all these techniques to sustain prevent infant death still we lifelessness male parentt know what we are preventing. shoemakers stand firm by infant death leaves a traumatic and frightening effect left hand on the parents and family members.A infant death death leafy vegetablely promotes thick stimulated reactions among survive family members. afterwards the sign gust and disbelief, parents oftentimestimes total up into a extensive opinion universally of abstinence rough if they killed their baby. This economic crisis potty affect their sleeping, eating, efficacy to concentrate, and ecumenical naught level. (Culbertson 190-193) Crying, weeping, everlasting let the cat out of the baging, and substantive smell outings of guilt emotional states or anger are all normal reactions. more than parents fellowship mistaken cares that they or somebody in their family is in danger. all over tri preciselye of hold up children and fears for future tense children is a common reaction.As the conclusiveness of the childs death turn overs a dry landly concern for the parents, convalescence ultimately occurs. Birth solar days, holidays, anniversaries often initiate dire memories of the passing game (Culbertson, 186-188). Children fire similarly be moved(p) by the loss. some children may break-dance a fear that they themselves superpower die. In many cases children give to a fault feel blamable about the death feeling that mayhap it was their fault. However, children may forswear organism confounded and try to felled seam their emotions which is a occasion why about parents micturate to talk with their children and check them it is not acquittance to happen to them. (Culbertson,190-193) atomic number 53 of the full-strength silvern musca volitans about the rouse against sudden infant death syndrome is that in the last 20 geezerhood, deaths caused by sudden infant death syndrome deem dropped dramatically in the united States and the liberalisation of the world. soon the intermediate in the world among sudden infant death syndrome deaths is among 0. 5-3. 0 deaths per one thousand (Culbertson,11). When behindvas to that when it was maiden study at about an modal(a) of 15-20 deaths per thousand(Bergman,10-11), a study emolument has been seen.However, though it isnt that high of a number, it liquid accounts for 20 portion of all deaths among the ages of integrity(a) calendar month and one year and 95 percent of that amid 2 months and 4 months. Guntheroth,70-73). It is most-valuable to point out that most all statistics of SIDS come from positive countries, countries that take aim the bills to achieve autopsies on infants. We stooge lonesome(prenominal) discover that in vestigial countries, which stupefy a very high infant mortality rate rate to begin with, the front line of SIDS is there and probably buzz off a some(prenominal) higher rate than in develop countries because throughout the world, SIDS evaluate are very immutable with on e other wherever studies set about and can be conducted.SIDS ranks alone succor to injuries as the superior cause of death to children who are less than 15 years of age and it takes more lives than leukemia, pith distemper, cystic fibrosis, and healthy dystrophy in that age period. ( Bergman, xi). So in conclusion to all of this, there still is very little selective development on what incisively causes SIDS. hostile other infirmitys, which we know the cause of, SIDS is the one that we seizet vex any fellowship on what the rootage is that causes it. oneness of the most significant statements but dispiriting is that SIDS is a unhealthiness of theories(Bergman, 12).Everything we know, all the information that is produced and create is all just a possible action because we tangle witht even know what happened and what caused the death. So where do we go from here? What can be make to quit this terrible distemper? Who knows. all in all we can do is sit back and hope mortals hypothesis is the right one and be grateful that this disease exactly affects 1-3 infants per thousand born. in that respect are so many questions but not more or less liberal answers and until that day we can only do what the experts recognise us to do and hopefully the SIDS disease volition roughly become non-existent.

OUTLINE AND EVALUATE PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROCHES. (COGNITIVE AND Essay

OUTLINE AND EVALUATE PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROCHES. (COGNITIVE AND HUMANISTIC) - Essay ExampleIndividuals interchangeable Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow felt existing (psychodynamic) theories failed to adequately address issues like the meaning of behavior, and the nature of healthy growth. However, the result was not simply new variations on psychodynamic theory, but quite a a fundamentally new approach.Some of the major weaknesses of the two approaches overlap, such as the fact that in all psychological perspectivesincluding both the cognitive and humane approachesidentifying practitioners that are any good in their field is rather difficult and sometimes im realistic. For the purpose of treating psychopathy, the humanistic approach is simply not appropriate. It is not possible to have a great deal of emotional contact with psychopaths, and that step would be necessary if one were to engage in the humanistic approach. Furthermore, humanism is simply not suited for dealing with emotio nal damage that is extensive (Wilderdom, 2003).One strength of the humanistic approach is that it caters to unprecedented areas of psychology than other approaches. It is simply a newer, more eclectic approach at looking at the fundamentals of older ideas that were presented by previous psychologists (Wilderdom, 2003).Case studies and laboratory experiments are usually employ as tools or instruments during investigations involving the cognitive approach. These studies are often conducted via computer and on people who are brain damaged. The entire idea behind the process is to test their thought processes and to draw a conclusion (Burgoon, 2008).There is one main weakness of this type of methodology, say some psychologists. One claims, for instance, that the testing environment is artificial and fair sets of data, therefore, cannot be collected. However, the thought processes of a human can be accurately recorded by a computer at any given over time through the utilization of

Global Media and Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Global Media and Communication - Essay ExampleAs fourth pillar in the participatory principles and governing of a country, it helps in the identification of outlining mist acts inside the government (Darch and Underwood, 2010). Despite this critical role, media itself as an institution is not immune to infiltration by corrupt politicians and merged leaders who buy their names into the news show. Despite lack of proper research into the area of media corruptness and complacency in highlighting certain news aspects, media putrescence is a reality. Powerful politicians and corporate leaders influence the nature of the reports made by the journalist for their own personal good and interest. Such practices go against the ethical protocols for media practitioners, as the role of the media is to make available to the state-supported essential news items without interfering with the originality of the content to favor those involved (Besley & Prat, 2006). The evaluation of extent to which corporate and political interest have infiltrated the media is essential in the discussion of corruption in the media industry. In this paper, the role of political leaders and corporate managers in abetting corruption and malice in the media industry will be discussed. The paper will also provide the impacts of having a compromised media in todays democratic office staff by analysing the need for uncensored and biased news. Role of media in fighting corruption As a major pillar in the building of democratic institution in a country, the fourth estate has a major mandate to the people and to the globe in general. This makes it essential for the media to ensure it upholds accountability and hydrofoil at all times when developing and relaying news item to the public. For the media participation to accomplish their role without any interference, it must be free from any realise of control from either the government, political interest or even corporate players (Nogara, 2009). Control of corruption and playing the role of corruption watchdog requires a media fraternity that is plural, enjoys media freedom and has advanced ways of reporting corrupt deals before they actually cost the taxpayers money. Through the development of a free press, the fight against corruption gains momentum as the public is factually informed of any corruption related deals in depth. This occurs through the medias role of creating awareness in the public and increasing the citizens access to information on corruption (Spence, 2008). By running a new story on corrupt deals or practices within any arm of government or even in the private sector, the fourth estate creates a room for beginning of investigation. This occurs because of public outcry and complaints succeeding(a) a report highlighting the vices being undertaken within a specific department. Through the publication of such stories, the media plays a critical role of mobilizing the public and generating embrace for refo rms aimed at eliminating the loopholes being exploited by the corrupt. Apart from direct reporting after these events have occurred, media has a role in ensuring that all investigations aimed at bring out corrupt deals are well covered and the public is well informed of the findings. Providing such information to the public through critical reporting provides the public with a plat form to air their concerns and demand for action against the perpetrators. Factors affecting integrity of media The signifi atomic number 50t part of the fourth estate as the public eye can compromised through interference and

Themes Across Literature and Film Research Paper

Themes Across Literature and Film - Research Paper ExampleThe stress associated with this disorder can trigger self-damaging impulses or suicidal, such as random sexual encounters (Baer et al 350), reckless behavior and minor crimes. Most of the people suffering this disorder normally have trouble operating in customary social environments. The women are more prone to this disorder than men. In many occasions, people suffering from borderline personality disorder experience feelings such as boredom, emptiness, feel mistreated and alone. Severe feelings of solitude or isolation are frequently accompanied by frantic struggles in order to neutralize loneliness (Baer et al 350).The film Cruel Intentions features Kathryn Merteuil, a fictional character, and she plays as the main villain in this 1999 teen drama film. Actress Sarah Michelle Gellar plays the role of Kathryn Merteuil in this movie.Kathryn Merteuil, is the young lady of Tiffany Merteuil who is a very well respected socialit e in New York. She went to school in Manchester Prep, which is a very prominent private school that is located safe on the outskirts of the city. She lived with her mother on the Upper East Side. They moved into Valmonts house immediately her mother was married to him (Porr).As Kathryn grew, she surpassed in a solidification of school fields and turned out to be very eloquent and fluent in both Vietnamese and French Languages. She also learnt and became good at playing the Piano and she turned out to be well known and admired all over the school community as an idol and she became an ecstasy to almost all the parents, yet she was clandestinely getting addicted to both cocaine and alcohol (Porr).Cassidy, a cousin to Kathryn, is even more devious than she is. Sebastians funeral inaugurates the untested school year (Porr). As the service progressed, Kathryn makes a speech concerning her unsuccessful trials to get the late Sebastian to change his habits and

An Online Estate Agent in Saudi Arabia Research Proposal

An Online Estate Agent in Saudi Arabia - Research Proposal manikinWith every endeavour in this world calls for business opportunities, and since around the year 2000, online estate agents started to offer an option to the customary fee structure, maintaining cheaper, predetermined fee exchange packages (Lecinski, 2012). These internet estate agents declare to grant private property vendors the capability of advertise their property through the leading property portals (the ideal medium use by customary tall street estate agents) for a portion of the price of the customary estate agency. New-fangled models have been brought in, which applies digital media screens on behalf of the agents customary high street window (Lecinski, 2012). These screens permit these agents to convey their listings into a remote area where setting up a workplace might otherwise not be achievable. A report, in 2010, confirmed that online estate agents normally deplumate a fixed fee of 400 to 1,000, with o thers charging an extra commission on sales (Lecinski, 2012). Also, others charge extra fees for additional services like the supply of a For Sale post, professionally and efficiently taken photographs, as well as accompanied viewings. In Saudi Arabia, particularly, real estate is considered as one of the fastest growing businesses second to oil (Dabholkar & Overby, 2005). Financial experts argue that the construction of 500,000 housing units planned by King Abdullah, Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, at a price of SAR 250 billion, would assist ease real estate rents and prices. The newly developed mortgage law, as well as its executive bylaw, contain principles for real estate finance and growth and allow banking institutions to support real estate projects. Internet users in this plain were last reported at 13,000,000 in 2011, according to a report by World Bank published in 2012 (Muhanna & Wolf, 2013). These are individuals with access to the global web. Therefore, as the nati ons economy and internet user population continues to enhance rapidly, demand for house units will also continue to increase (Muhanna & Wolf, 2013). This opens a window of opportunities for realtors. So, if someone is short of business ideas, then online real estate investment should be considered. Aims and Objectives This dissertation will dwell on this business adventure (online house agents) discussing the possible advantages of starting an online house agent website instead of using the customary method. The paper will incorporate sections such as aims and objectives, literature review, interrogation methods and planning to execute the recommendations. This paper will adapt the Goggle and NAR (National Association of Realtors) study in order to come up with its findings. The goal is to assist the proofreader understand the growing role of digital media in the client home search procedure. It will uncover the trends, as well as insights, around digital media application amongs t home shoppers, whether they were searching for home,

Leadership styles Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Leadership sprints - Re await Paper ExampleTheir ability to perform the aforementioned things relies on the leadership style adopted. Thus, at any m the leader or the manager should employ these styles. An important issue arises and this give be subject in this paper, how are the managers capable of altering their leadership styles (as draw in situational leadership theory) to communicate and motivate the employees. There are four leadership styles (the selling or coaching style, the participating or supporting style, the sexual relation or directing style, and the delegating style) and each style will be discussed in detail and applied in the case of global Electric. Specifically, the paper will explore the leadership style of Jeff Immelt, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of General Electric. General Electric is among many companies that have excelled in their leadership styles. The leadership style employed has been used as a benchmark for most organizations and companies. I t is noted that the four leadership styles are crucial for the success or failure of a company. As seen in General Electric case, a leader or a manager can apply all the four leadership styles to atomic number 82 the organization. However, there is a tendency to use one leadership style more than the others are. General Electric In 1876, in Menlo Park, New Jersey, Thomas Alva Edison unfastened a laboratory where he could discover the prospects of the dynamo and other electrical tools or devices that he had realized in the exposition. By the year 1890, Edison launched the Edison General Electric participation by merging his various businesses. At the same time, a competitor appeared, the Thomson-Houston Company. Thomson-Houston Company became the principal electrical company through a series of unions or mergers led by Charles A. Coffin (General Electric Company, 2012). As the businesses grew, it became very difficult for either of the company to generate complete electrical insta llations depending entirely on their receive technologies and patents. The two companies merged in the year 1892, and the new organization was called the General Electric Company. A number of Edisons initial business offerings are withal a portion of General Electric (GE) today and they include transportation, power transmission, medical equipment, industrial products, and lighting. The initial GE Appliances electric fans were generated at the Ft. Wayne electric working in the early 1890s. Full line of cooking and heating devices was first produced in 1907(General Electric Company, 2012). The GE Aircraft Engines started its operations in 1917 when the United States government started its search for a company that could produce the first airplane booster. Edisons experiments with plastic filaments for the light bulbs started in 1893 and this led to the creation of the GE Plastics department in 1930. The General Electric leaders over the years have created a diverse portfolio of pr ominent businessesa series of dominant company-wide initiatives that reduces cost and drives growth Controllership and financial saturation that permit it capitalize on openings through several cycles and a collection of common values which permit it to face every environment with confidence(General Electric Company, 2012). psychoanalysis The Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership Model illustrates the relation between the willingness of the followers and leadership style based on relationship and task behaviors of leaders.

Impacts of Media Globalization in America Essay

Impacts of Media Globalization in America - Essay ExampleIt is due to this support that the impacts of media world(prenominal)ization have been inevitable. The constituent involve of which media globalization extended its effect from seamless imperialism to increasing cultural, economic, and national indistinguishability is duly undeniable (Barlow, & Mills, 200957). Well, while there is lack of consensus as to whether media globalization is a vital concept to portray national identity, let us focus on growing interdependence between media and all other key players in a countrys globalization. Recently, because of expansion of modernization of media globalization on a national scale, growth at cultural, political, and social levels is changing the national identity making the study of media globalization an important topic of study in communication. Media globalization is a result of new and advanced mass media and communication technology. It is in like manner a prerequisite and a catalyst for all other forms of national globalization. Most Americans express a feeling that, they ought to enjoy the benefits of media globalization like global communication, rather than terrifying and attempting to evade the consequences that ironically include deterrence to freedom of expression and speech. Media globalization impacts will never cease. ... Mobile technology in this part is serving a great deal in moving the nations economy while reducing the cost of mobility and time at the alike(p) time. Media globalization has seen people use internet to improve their health or save lives. For example, a doctor in USA is able to send an roentgenogram to another more senior doctor in China or India for a second opinion and have it within a matter of hours. Therefore, media globalization is advancing health standards of American citizens. Increased global media interactions in America has and will continue assisting millions of American citizens to use Windows-powered PC in becoming authors of their stimulate content in digital form meaning that they can share content widely and in far distances. Therefore, it is evident that media has the power to cross and straddle cultural gaps, bring people closer to one another and generally make our lives more convenient like never before. The presence of worldwide electronic network provides us with endless quantities of information, knowledge, and ability to receive insights. Not before, accessing information readily does not imply that we are best informed Media globalization has indeed positively influenced America as it has aided production and distribution. The rise of global media witnessed the formation of transnational corporations that led to effective cost and lucrative market force. This contributed to world throw that created market for media globalization through global capitalism using media to disburse messages to consumers globally. This helped America with money power through media globaliza tion. While the interests of finance, most people study media globalization in relation to culture and their systems. This has made it possible for United States to export media content

Meteorology Concepts, Hurricanes, Tornadoes, And Flooding Summary Essay

Meteorology Concepts, Hurricanes, Tornadoes, And Flooding Summary - Essay ExampleThey have interchangeable circumstances in which give birth to them and are associated with similar geographic and climatic conditions. In the recent past many great Hurricanes have been known to antecedent immense damage to coastlines of various nations. The most liberal and notorious hurricane known to have wreaked havoc in the recent history of mankind id Hurricane Katrina that struck the western coast of north America devastating valet de chambre settlement, leaving hundreds dead and homeless.(Prothero 276)The primary cause of a hurricane is a steep pressure gradient. If the pressure gradient of the immediate atmospheric layer over ocean and land exceeds a certain level under the prevailing atmospheric conditions, it leads to the formation of a swirling vortex of warm and cool air out layers or air streams that intertwine and start whirling at extremely high speeds. The warm air rises above maki ng space for the heavier / denser and colder air to rush into the land piling.This happens at great dimensions near ocean shores and coastal areas where the air temperature and pressure gradient exists for large volumes of air. The extreme pressure and temperature difference causes the triggering of a hurricane that gathers moisture and air mass as it travels towards the nearest coastal point. Due to lower air pressure near coastal areas during the day time, (because lands heats up and cools down faster than peeing out-of-pocket to lesser specific heat capacity), hurricanes rush into coastal stretches sweeping along and across their territories. The chief ingredients of hurricanes are warm water system and warm air. As water starts evaporating, they rise up and gather in the atmosphere where they begin to condense. These water drops then start coagulating and form a cloud. The water droplets on condensation sacking heat and causing the moist cool air to rise up making way for mo re warm air. This cycle of warm air with water vapor rising and condensing to create low pressure continues, until it leads to the formation of a vortex above the sea. They become lethal only when they pickup whole masses like tin sheds trees, construction equipment, concrete, metal and other solid chunks of masses lying open on the ground. This gives it that devastating strength and inertia to cause unthinkable damage to areas where it has swept across. Typhoons are also borne out of wind and water and due to climatic imbalances affecting coastal areas and causing large descale damage to human property and lives. A Typhoon is very similar to a hurricane and the circumstances under which a typhoon is created are the same as that of a hurricane. some(prenominal) factors contribute to the formation of a typhoon. Hurricane and Typhoons are the major two natural threats that endanger life and human settlement in coastal areas. Apart from the Tsunami, which is a rather rare calamity and is linked with deep sea earthquakes, these two natural disasters pose a more immediate threat to life and property located along the coastlines of various nations. Factors which contribute to the birth of a Typhoon are similar to those of a hurricane, like warm water vapor, warm air above, the sea surface, atmospheric pressure above sea, temperature and pressure imbalances, steep temperature and p

Motion of Dismissal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Motion of Dismissal - Research Paper ExampleDetails of section 2-619 of the Illinois codes of well-mannered procedures It is evident from the daily business activities regarding mortgages, that all mortgage transaction contains an acceleration clause. This clause in different instances requires the lender to make provisions to the borrower with a slackness notice, and the intent to accelerate. There is also an emphasis that the lender should provide the instructions, which can be taken as a remedy of the default date, and a pertly date set within 30 days in which the borrower must remedy the default (Lauterpacht and Greenwood, 1999). Lenders often ignore the clause this is a condition, that actionable by a court of law in a foreclosure action. However, the precedent condition must be considered before another action. Such instances force the lender to take over the guidelines outlined in the mortgage acceleration clause before finding the foreclosure. Failing to follow the above guidelines do not invalidate the mortgage, though it may cause temporal dismissal of the foreclosure claims, therefore, resetting the borrowers clock for the distress. In Illinois State, the 2-619 motion results from modification of the 2-615 motion and the 2-1005 motion. That is they dismiss for failure motion on state claim, and the succinct judgment motion. They both have a defensive nature, thus disposing the issues of features and law. The motion adheres to the sufficiency and truth of the claim though it does not purpose the asserted affirmative matters (Lauterpacht and Greenwood, 1999). Affirmative matters refer to defenses that, either refutes critical conclusion, or negates a cause of action. Section 2-619 makes provisions for affirmative defenses one can bring it regardless of the fact that it is retaining past the point of filling a 2-619 motion. Filling a Defamation Complaint Libel is a false statement from an individual, which in turn causes pitiful to the other per son. Defamation refers to a libelous statement in a print state. Traditionally, a print refers to a statement published in a newspaper or a letter, but in the recent days, it refers to the internet, and other mass media. Technology has been an element which is jumper cable to increase in cases of defamation. Ideal examples atomic number 18 social networking sites such as Facebook, which brings the highest level of defamation that ever in the history. A court of law requires one to prove defamation through the pursuance 1. There must be a false statement from the defendant to the plaintiff 2. The statement must have reached a third party, through obvious means. This means that the defendant must communicate the statement to the other person or persons. 3. The statement has to be harmful to the plaintiff 4. There must be damages on the part of the victim Making false statements If there is a false statement published about a public figure, it is the office of the public to prove that the statement has a malicious intention in making the untrue statement. There are different standards for public figures, as they look to statements based on their public status. There have been arguments on the definition of public status, but there they not yet fruitful. The current definition from leading philosophers state that, public figure is something the public value in ones character. In many

Asignment 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Asignment 5 - Essay ExampleFormatting the proposal letter would also include including closing remarks and salutations at the end. For instance, I would abstain the letter by authorship yours in service followed by restating my position within Artifice and signature. In addition, I would conclude the letter by restating the division and emphasizing on ethical advantages of joining corporate responsibility officer association. The aforementioned essentials are imperious in maintaining professionalism and avoidance of questions regarding potential mistakes (Anderson 625).I would also ensure that I always restate theme of the proposal letter throughout the essay. Repetition of fundamental points in a proposal letter is essential in reminding readers and audience of its intent. In addition, restating subject of the letter would help sustain patience and provoke readers meditation over topic in question.It would also be imperious to employ emotional and present tense spoken language besides using general pronouns. Emotionally persuasive language would entail reminding listeners and readers that they remain fundamental decision makers to whether Artifice would join corporate responsibility officer association. For instance, I would start the initial sentence by writing that I am writing to propose that we as loyal and committed members of Artifice Incorporation join CROA. It would also be essential to correct grammatical mistakes within the letter for example change Artifice Incorporated to Artifice

Research Project, Focus, Type Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Research Project, Focus, Type - Essay ExampleAn entrepreneur could not commence a new venture or distend an existing business without accurate and updated information. Nonetheless, the pertinent information about the chosen country, economy, political conditions, laws and regulations, environment, technology, demographics, psychographics, behavioral, cultural and social factors, competitors and market potential is obtained done lowly and primordial research. For instance, this marketing research and data collection should be considered as a social functionful project, because it becomes essential for survival, growth and sustainability of a business entity. The marketers than analyse this information and use for innovation, branding and differentiation. The information garnered will be analyzed and evaluated to develop certain alternatives and policies that could benefit the restaurant as a whole. For instance, the research project will care identifying new business opportuniti es followed by gaps in market. This would later benefit in expansion and betterment. In addition, the research will study societal changes, purchasing ability and consumption trends after which we could improve our existing marketing and advertising campaigns, internal display and food products. The research will include primary (through surveys, focus groups and interviews) and secondary (available online published articles, journals, reviews, reports etc.) information. In addition, it would be comprehensive and descriptive in nature because the researcher will cover all major marketing related issues and points. The economic recession has resulted in massive unemployment and decline in consumer purchasing power (real incomes) therefore, customers demand high quality food products at reasonably lower prices. In other words, price factor will now play the most important role in success and prosperity of the restaurant in involved economic conditions. The literature would be gathe red initially through secondary research because it is easily available and cheaper than primary (first hand) information. Websites, online databases, digital communities (Face Book, twitter, my space etc) and web logs may provide sufficient literature that could be used as a starting point. Any weaknesses and irrelevance will then be removed through collection of primary data.

How are Accolades Distributed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

How are Accolades Distri simplyed - Essay ExampleTherefore, accolades are important for organizations and the process by which they are distributed becomes an important circumstance for any person connected with the fields of management, service provision and even psychology and sociology.Essentially, there are two primary methods by which accolades can be distributed in an industry which focuses on services. The first method is to obtain accolades from the governing body of the industry if there is one and the second is to obtain a shade of service measure from a reviewing body which exists to help the consumers (Clark and Johnston, 2005). In both cases, the decision to give the accolade belongs to external forces and there is no direct affiliate between the users of the service and those who receive the award.In certain situations, if managed carefully, a company can award itself an accolade and even manage to fool many hatful into thinking that such an accolade has been given to them by a respected authority. For example, a company may say that their service is rated at seven stars but there may be no official body or even a consumer group which rates their service at seven stars. The vanquish example of such a technique comes from the hotel industry itself where certain hotels in the world have claimed themselves to be rated at seven stars while international hotel rank groups have no rating higher than five. Rudd (2007, Pg. 1) reports that Theres no such thing as a seven-star category. The Burj Al Arab in Dubai and the Emirates rook in Abu Dhabi might claim to be seven-star, but thats their own interpretation, measured presumably by how much gold and marble you can drive into one building.

MKT3018 E-retailing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

MKT3018 E-retailing - Assignment ExampleThe number of users of eBay had increased considerably. In the year 2000, the summate views of eBay sites were almost 120130 m on a daily floor and the figure rose to 325 m per day in 2003 (Frost & Et. Al., 2003). Resource cogency of eBay From the inception of eBay, it had outsourced the administration and prerequisites of the core constituents of the technical capability, for example, bandwidth prerequisite, website hosting, and data axis hosting at the analogous time owing to the authentic server controlled in the hosting hubs. Technical efficacy For a caller-up to become more feasible in internet obtain the most important factor is the technical capability. It is important for a company to have strong technical capacity in order to survive in the business. The technical capability signifies adequate capability to serve web pages, line of business listings, customer details and sales transaction procedures. These features play vital part for draftsmanship fresh customers as well as maintaining alive customers. With regard to eBay, its technical capability is made up of several modules which are bandwidth, inventory capability, and processing capability. These modules are administered independently in eBay. eBay has system availability which works as a substitute for capacity, since it replicates the part of customer requirements that are supplied successfully by eBay. It is the crucial accusatory of eBays capability planning (Frost & Et. Al., 2003). Product Development Capability (PDC) finished Product Development Capability (PDC), eBay had made itself a strong competitor in the internet shopping segment. In the perspective of eBay, PDC is not only the emolument to the core site utility but also the accumulation of additional...Feasibility Of Developing Expanded Internet Shopping Capability Of eBayeBay is known as one of the ahead(p) international online marketplaces where people can shop almost anything . It provides a stage for trading products or run by various communities and businesses. eBay has the capability to provide expand internet shopping (eBay Inc, 2011). eBay had started its operations in the year 1995. It had good capability in marketing and thus it successfully adjusted with the exceptional growth in the eretailing industry. The number of users of eBay had increased considerably. In the year 2000, the total views of eBay sites were almost 120130 m on a daily basis and the figure rose to 325 m per day in 2003 (Frost & Et. Al., 2003). Resource Capability of eBayFrom the inception of eBay, it had outsourced the administration and prerequisites of the core constituents of the technical capability, for example, bandwidth prerequisite, website hosting, and data axis hosting at the same time owing to the authentic server controlled in the hosting hubs.Technical CapabilityFor a company to become more feasible in internet shopping the most important factor is the technical c apability. It is important for a company to have strong technical capacity in order to survive in the business. The technical capability signifies adequate capability to serve web pages, stock listings, customer details and sales transaction procedures. These features play vital part for drawing fresh customers as well as maintaining existing customers. With regard to eBay, its technical capability is made up of several modules which are bandwidth, inventory capability, and processing capability. These modules are administered independently in eBay. eBay has system availability which works as a substitute for capacity, since it replicates the part of customer requirements that are supplied successfully by eBay. It is the crucial objective of eBays capability planning (Frost & Et. Al., 2003). Product Development Capability (PDC)Through Product Development Capability (PDC), eBay had made itself a strong competitor in the internet shopping segment. In the perspective of eBay, PDC is no t only the improvement to the core site utility but also the accumulation of additional services such as payment approval and dispensation, seller assessment and authorisation, expansion of new marketplace e.g. real estate industry and B2B apparatus transactions. In eBay, the PDC includes numerous interior and external resources i.e. practical skills needed to construct and organise pioneering software services that are employed by PDC procedure. The PDC procedure heavily depends on existing shoppers contribution to create and authenticate ideas for new services along with interior business expansion and feasible expansion of the brand & operational capabilities.

Global value chain and domestic value chain Coursework

Global pry chain and domestic value chain - Coursework exemplarThe challenge of the diversity of preference among customers facing a manager in a domestic value chain is minimal compared to that of a world(a) value chain). However, there is a high feasibility of competition by external investors. Thus, aspects such as pricing strategies are necessary. The most prevalent ways of resoluteness these issues including conducting a reconnaissance on the market before starting the operations. Alternatively, better marketing strategies ought to be instituted to facilitate successful decisions. The marketing and sales element of the global value chain starts by assessing and seeking authorization before starting to operate, especially in foreign countries. After production of the services, the value chain is conducted or manned considering the market status in particular nations in which it has invested. For instance, Coca-Cola keep company operates and markets products in countries after complying with the market rules. Similarly, Toyota Company manages to invest in countries after it complies with the cover restrictions and regulations. Alternatively, the value chain the domestic value chain does not face a series of obstructions and necessities before and after instituting the services in the domestic market. For instance, Coca-Cola Company freely operates in the mother country and faces the challenge of market completion only. The same case applies to Toyota Company of Japan. Thus, the costs and revenue associated with these value chains as well differ accordingly.

The Impacts of Managerialism on Human Service in Hong Kong Essay

The Impacts of Managerialism on Human Service in Hong Kong - Essay ExampleThe paper tells that the public sector adopted varied strategies like quality audit, strategic management, quality assurance, internal audit, and performance pledges linking performance with outputs in order to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of working institutions in Hong Kong. For the past(a) few years, the management system on human service in Hong Kong underwent unprecedented transitions due to the challenges presented by the worldwide tides of human resource management and grocery store trends. Analytical suggestions depict that, these transitions have negatively affect the quality of human service management and applyn rise to the increasing consumerism as well as intense institutional competition. Worst of all, these limitings have led to the diluted sense of commitment and purpose of employees towards their working ideas. With this sense, management on human service and merchandise tren ds has presented advent opportunities for organizations to use these experiences and encounters to demonstrate how they can turn crises and threats in this sector to dictatorial opportunities for development and growth. With reference to this journal, Hong Kong institutions can use good management positive perspectives to increase choices and opportunities to motivate human service, increase employee efficiency, enhance performance, generate additional resources for experimentation and innovation. It should be borne in mind that, as people must be cautious about the negative impacts of management on human service in Hong Kong, they must also conceive this as an opportunity to strengthen organizational capabilities of human service in order to revitalize the core values of good management and strive for social justice and betterment. A review of study and market reform in Hong Kong From the year 2009 to 2010, the government of Hong Kong had presented a review of implementing a new system of senior secondary education. This section will give a review of educational and social service organizations reforms and discuss issues arising from good management approach incorporated in the reform. The growing impact of globalization affected educational development worldwide. Due to the need to maintain the countries competitiveness in the global marketplace, governments around the globe start reviewing their systems of education and policies and initiated different educational reforms in order to enhance the global capacity of their countries manpower and thus improve their competitiveness. Such reforms affected Hong Kongs educational system due to economic freethinking and management. The economic rationalism focused on promoting productivity and growth of the economy and pursued greater efficiency as well as the development of a competitive production culture. On the other hand, the managerial approach focused on objectives of achieving maximum efficiency in educat ional reform by creating impacts of change that required the government of Hong Kong to bear the costs of good management within the education sector.

The Childhood section of Dubliners Essay Example for Free

The Childhood section of Dubliners EssayFrom your reading of the two stories in the Childhood section of Dubliners how is the encounter between different generations portrayed and what do you telephone is its role?The stories An adopt and Sisters contain objective viewpoints nearly the onetime(a) generation, and are told from the perspective of a fresh boy. There is the implication in both stories that the older generation is associated with righteousness which plays a paralysing role in the society of Dublin. The role of the encounter between the different age groups demonstrates the conflict of belief that occurs between young children growing up, forming their own opinions and beliefs, and their elders, who are trying to impress attitudes and traditions on them that seem unnatural to them. There is a suggestion that its role is too representative of the uplift which Catholic Ireland found itself in during this period.The young boy, from whose perspective we see the e lder generation, does not appear to hold the respect he ought to for his elders. In Sisters, the child feels worldly by Old Cotter due to his endless talk about the distillery. The presence of Old Cotter and also that of the strange man in An Encounter are seen as equally undesirable by the narrator, and both are referred to in derogatory terms Old Cotter as a obtuse old fool, and the nameless man by Mahony as a queer old josser.The children feel that they hold in no need for these men in their lives and it is hearty that the word josser is slang meaning priest, exemplifying the disregard the boys feel towards a religion that has been imposed upon them. In addition to these two characters, in An Encounter nonplus Butler is a primary reason for the desire the boys feel for escape from the rebuke during the sober hours. Father Butler clearly has close connection with religion and their dislike of him once more is representative of the hostility the boys feel towards Catholicism a nd its effect on Dublin.The character of Father Flynn possesses a didactic role everywhere the young boy, and we are told he taught him a great deal. Whether this teaching was desired by or imposed upon the narrator is not made clear plainly it is apparent that the priest instilled a current tot of trepidation and awe, as well as admiration, in the boy, due to the adjectives used to describe his appearance, ancient, truculent, grey and massive, with contraband cavernous nostrils. The priests description is symbolic of the way in which the narrator feels about religion one of the main roles that the encounter with the elder generation plays.The colours describe are dark and intimidating, the atmosphere in his room was smoke-filled and one of lethargy, just as religion would have seemed harsh, restrictive and uninspiring. The man in An Encounter, also representing religion does not give a good impression of this central aspect of Irish society, he is perverted and contradictory i n his speech communication, he seemed to have forgotten his recent liberalismhe would whip a boy he would love that. One role of this encounter is to demonstrate the confusion that the boy feels about religion, originally his eyes he sees contradiction in a religious figure, perverted and unnerving contradiction at that, which can only serve to add to that degree more doubt to his wavering faith.In both scenarios the narrator feels relieved when he escapes his elders whom he finds unnerving, indeed the epiphany in Sisters is the moment where he realises that he feels a sensation of freedomby his death. In the same way in An Encounter the boy seizes the first available moment to escape from the strange man, I stood up abruptlysaying that I was obliged to go. There is an urgency to get away from these mysterious characters although this is not apparent to the boy in the context of Father Flynn until he is involuntarily released by his death.Strangely, in the two stories the child f eels an affinity to the elder generation and thus there is a sense of guilt due to the relief he experiences when they are absent. In Sisters the boy definitely admires the priest and despite smack entrapped and paralysed by the religious implications attached to his role in society, there is also a certain empathy he feels towards him.The duties of the priesthood were too much for Father Flynn and smothered him, just as the requirements the boy must conform to in terms of religion are too demanding on his confused and inquisitive mind. In An Encounter the sense of empathy appears at the epiphany of the story, where the narrator realises that, like the man, he had always despised Mahony a little. This sudden, unexpected revelation that has been brought about by the unsettling words of the man demonstrates that the role of the older generation in this scenario has been to help the boy be true to himself and admit his own beliefs, which may unwittingly help him to accept his true re ligious feelings.The language and sentence structure used in Sisters helps to emphasise the generation gap perceived by the reader, words such(prenominal) as endless which imply the length of Old Cotters life as well as his boring talk, the threatening words that indicate the out of reach(p) appearance of Father Flynn due to his age and social significance, blackened, solemn and copious. Where the narrator describes how Father Flynn impressed his knowledge upon him, he lists the topics that he was taught, which shows not only the amount of subjects the two covered, but also symbolises the sheer length and content of the priests long life.The encounters used by Joyce in these two stories play conflicting roles, and contradiction is straightforward even within the same story the boy describes a sense of anxiety to escape from his elders, yet expresses guilt at these feelings. He feels trapped by religion, yet sympathises with a priest about the constraints it makes on society, surpr ising as such a figure should be the embodiment of the restriction he finds it unmanageable to abide by. The distance expressed both in terms of age and in opinion shows how the boy feels controlled by a generation he cannot repair to. This conveys a sense of paralysis affecting the younger generation of Ireland, a generation controlled by its elders and their religion, a religion which controls rather than directs its pupils. The encounters that make up such an important part of the two stories serve to demonstrate the alienation the children of Ireland feel towards their elders and their social situation there simply is not the same strength of feeling towards religion in their lives, an empowering force on their lives and in Dublin.

Policy Suggestions for Reopening Dual Language Essay Example for Free

Policy Suggestions for Reopening Dual diction EssayThis empirical research impart be presented to the Ministry of discipline in chinawargon for the purpose of studying the possibility of reopening Chinese and side of meat dual phrase kindergarten give instructions. In 2004, the Ministry of Education in mainland China had forbidden the operation and establishment of bilinguistic and English kindergarten schools. English could exactly be integrated in songs, plays, and activities alone it could non be taught in the Chinese and English bilingual format and use as a medium of instruction. Kindergarten schools are not also allowed to hire any exotic teachers. All kindergarten teachers must(prenominal) be a natural born Formosan citizen. In the same year, the spokesman of the Ministry of Education cited three reasons for implementing this disciplineal policy. First, they feel that at the preschool stage children should master their native talking to. Second, they are so concern with the quality of pedagogy as they found out that most foreign teachers who retained as English teachers in kindergarten schools do not keep back sufficient knowledge on previous(predicate) childhood education.These teachers are nevertheless hired because they are native English speakers. Third, although Taiwanese students officially start up discipline English on the third grade, they do not lag behind their counterpart in other Asian countries. However, there is not liberal research to prove the positive effect of banning the dual words kindergarten. The research cited by the Ministry of Education to support their policy is discussed in the review of literature. recapitulation of Related LiteratureResearch Supporting the Policy The research use by the Ministry of Education of Taiwan as a basis in living its policy was conducted in 2001 by Dr. Chuang Shiang Chuan and Dr. Chaing Jen Ru. These professionals were invited to conduct a study on the possibility of integrating English in the kindergarten program and hiring foreign teachers to teach in the kindergarten level. In this research, Dr. Chuang Shiang Chuan pointed out that address corresponding for children requires the use of some(prenominal) the expressive and thinking abilities. If the medium of instruction is strictly in English alone, the content of confabulation between the teacher and the students would be very limited. She also indicated that preschool children fail to accurately pronounce and comprehend a foreign language in likeness to the big(a) learners.Further more than, she also stated that learning a foreign language could interfere in the learning of the mother tongue. In terms of hiring foreign teachers, Cheung (2001) felt that foreigners who are working as kindergarten English teachers do not confirm the required skills and knowledge on early childhood education. Their knowledge is solitary(prenominal) limited to the instruct of the English language. In ad dition, hiring of foreign teachers would result in the decrease of job opportunities for students who have completed their education degrees from the teacher preparation institutions.However, the findings of Dr. Cheung may not be objective and conflict of interest is evident as a result of her employment in one of the early childhood teacher preparation institutions. Besides, in the policy controversy published by the Ministry of Education to the human beings on October 10, 2004, it was stated that the research was based on the neuroscience, linguistics and English education findings which indicated that learning English at an early age does not guarantee that children go forth learn better.The Ministry of Education also argued that teenagers learn a foreign language more efficiently than preschool children due to their more mature cognitive development. It is also stated that imposing the No Chinese kindergarten education would result in communication demandingy, unrestrained disturbance, conflict of values and problems in finish identity element which could affect the development of Chinese language learning. Furthermore, the language barrier would limit the breath and dept of childrens learning. Lu Chen (2003) who are researchers in Taiwan also supported the previous findings and argued that it is inappropriate for preschool children to learn a foreign language and culture at an early age. They believed that China would be the strongest boorish in terms of economic stability and the Chinese language would be the next universal language.Hence, parents should not be intent to have their children learn English at a young age. They further stated that there is no critical period in learning a second language so it is not necessary to start learning at preschool age. The researchers also believed that having a good command of the native language is the floor for learning a second language. The absence of an American or British accent is not an importa nt matter to consider in learning the English language. thitherfore, it is unnecessary to study English at an early age to avoid speaking with a foreign accent. Besides the both researchers and one regimen statement above, the book My Child Cant Speak Chinese (Cheung, 2004) is also frequently cited by people who are against using English as the and medium of instruction in the kindergarten education. In this book, Cheung depicted her daughter who tends to combine the English and Chinese syntaxes when speaking Chinese after attending an English only kindergarten school.In the book, the arguments to ban the English only teaching in kindergarten school is understandable considering that children in Taiwan speak Chinese at home and kindergarten is the low education that they have experienced outside their homes. The use of English as the only medium of instruction in their first school may retain the children the wrong impression that English is the formal school language. They may also think that their Chinese language is less important. These thoughts could possibly lead to the confusion of culture identity and negatively affect the learning of the Chinese language. As an international student who had studied in various classes with native English instructors and have worked as the sole foreign teacher in an American school, I understand the anxiety that a child may feel in an English only surround based on my personal experience. Armed with a first hand experience in obtaining an education in an English only school under instructors who are native speakers of the English language and with an experience of being a foreign teacher in an international school, I can powerfully understand and clearly see the point in the policy made in not allowing the operation of the English only kindergarten schools.However, in as untold as I could empathized with the policy makers, I also felt the inadequacy of the study that was conducted before arriving at a recommendati on to close and prohibit the reality of dual language kindergarten schools. There are many dual language kindergartens in the United States and I have taught in an English-Chinese dual lingual public school in New York, P.S. 184M, Shuang steatocystoma School. This is the first dual lingual and bicultural public chief(a) school in the east coast. Children at Shuang Wen have regular English classes as other public school students and start learning Chinese from the kindergarten level and continue studying until the sixth grade. In the Shuang Wens website, there is a report cited that almost 100% of their students exceeded the required grade level standards of the New York State examination for Math and English. With Shuang Wens success, one could only ponder as to why American students are allowed to enroll in an English and Chinese bilingual class since kindergarten while the Taiwanese students in Taiwan have to be deprived of this opportunity. I went through literature reviews b y searching and reviewing dual language related literatures on databases of ERIC, ProQuest, Education Full Text, Digital Dissertations taken from the Teachers College as advantageously as the TC Catalog (EDUCAT). The summary of my findings are written below.Research on Dual linguistic Education The dual lingual education literature reviewed is presented here in the following sections bilingual education has no harm, the benefits of bilingual education, the best bilingual education-dual language program, and the current situation of dual language programs.Bilingual Education Has No Harm Contrary to the findings of the researchers in Taiwan, Norbert (2005), Schambach (2006), Garcia (2006), and Pearson (2007) claimed that bilingual education has no harm to children at all. All the misconceptions were bias. For instance, Cheungs (2003) worry concerning her daughters combined usage of English and Chinese is actually unnecessary. The combined usage of language was part of a learning proc ess that children want to experiment in order to determine which of these two languages the listeners strongest language is. This method would also enable the children to broadcast effectively with their listener (Garcia, 2007). Moreover, the capability of switching between two languages could increase childrens cognitive flexibility (Steward, 2004).In terms of the concerns about the lost of identity and delay in the development of the childrens first language, it was discovered that bilingual children do not have any identity issues because in the bilingual education, childrens culture are respected and recognized (Farmer, 1998 Schambach, 2006). Some children may develop two identities since they are educated in using two languages and two cultures unless this helps children to be more adaptable to the global world and piddle them better to be global citizens.Moreover, Schambach pointed out an example of an identity issue whereby an immigrant child, who emigrated from one unso phisticated to another, felt totally lost when not being accepted in the new country and treated as a foreigner upon return to the country of origin for a short visit. This situation can happen to Taiwanese children if the government is not open to the education that the parents expect for their children in Taiwan.About 77% of parents in Taiwan hope that the government would allow the integration of English in the kindergarten curriculum (Wu Cheng, 2002). The main reason for the immigration to the United States of Taiwanese families is to bequeath better education for their children. If Taiwanese government fails to meet parents expectations, there is a strong possibility that Taiwanese family immigration would lead to a problem on the identity issue for the next generation.The Benefits of Bilingual Education After clarifying that bilingual education creates no harm to children, many researchers pointed out that bilingual education can enhance the development of childrens cognitiv e and social skills (Chan, 2003 Garcia, 2007 Norbert, 2005 Steward, 2004 Thomas, 2003). Chan (2003) compared 31 bilingual preschoolers and 29 monolingual preschoolers performance on 3 cognitive tasks and 4 theory-of-mind tasks. The results showed that the advantage of the bilingual learners in the theory-of-mind development hinges mostly in their cognitive development e.g., inhibitory control, reasoning and metalinguistic awareness. Garcia (2007) quoted the research of Peal and Lamberts work with French and English bilinguals and English monolinguals and suggested that the intellectual experience of acquiring two languages contributed advantageously to mental flexibility, superior concept formation and a generally change set of mental abilities.She also cited Padillas reasoning that bilinguals are cognitively advanced because they are able to process information provided in one language and produce allied information in another language. Padilla used Keats and Keats report of a stu dy as an example which German-English bilinguals, who did not demonstrate the ability to keep up weight in a Piagetian task, were trained to conserve in one of the two languages. Results from English and German post tests indicated that the concept was acquired in both languages. This suggests the possible increased in the flexibility of bilinguals during conceptual acquisition. Steward (2004) cited the finding of Willig who pointed out that students in the bilingual programs scored either the same or higher on the achievement tests in both languages in comparison with children in monolingual education.Steward also agreed with Cummings, Hakuta and Golds opinion that the bilingual program has increased childrens cognitive flexibility. Thomas (2003) further stated that the cognitive stimulus from the bilingual program led to enhanced creativity and analytical thinking. He also presented the result taken from Houston in 2002 that native English speakers, who had been in the two way du al-language programs for four old age, scored between 63rd and 70th percentiles in total reading scores in the Stanford 9 whereas the scores of students in the monolingual English program hovered around the 50th percentile.This is a remarkable finding that could be used to infer that if Taiwanese children, who are native Chinese speakers, are educated in a bilingual program since preschool their intellectual capability might expire students in a Chinese only program after four years. After reading all the benefits that bilingual education can bring to students, I continued to research for the definition of bilingual education and its best practice.The Best Bilingual Education Dual Language Education Barrera (2004) defines bilingual education as using two languages to learn. Schambach (2006) said a bilingual person means he can use two languages freely in any presumptuousness situation. In terms of the best practice for bilingual education, Garcia (2007) pointed out that in teachi ng two languages, it would be best to separate them instead of combining them together. For example, at home each parent should speak a different language to the child and at school, different teachers should speak different languages.Children tend to learn the language in order to communicate. Norbert (2005) further strengthened the importance of separating two languages when teaching. Scofield (2007) specifically talked about the importance of a relaxed environment that is enriched with comprehensible language as salutary as the usage of gestures, mime, and real objects to illustrate speech and to provide input.He also suggested singing songs and rhymes and having group activities to create a conducive environment for the learners. In terms of time allocation for teaching each language, Steward (2004) cited Willigs research result which showed that students in the alternate immersion program, wherein the day is divided into two halves each entirely in one language, have the best performance in the tests of both languages. This kind of program is also called dual language program. up-to-the-minute Situation of Dual Language Education According to Barrera (2004), there are more than 270 dual language programs in the U.S. and the interest in these programs keeps growing as fast as the waiting lists. In Barreras research, she concluded that the most successful dual language program resulted when students learn one language in the morning and another one in the afternoon. There must also be a continuing non-repetitive lesson in the morning. In the succeeding morning, students must proceed to the next lesson in the other language.The important characteristics of a good dual language program as suggested by Barrera includes a minimum of six years instruction a think on the core academic curriculum high quality language arts instruction in both languages integration of the languages into the instructional thematic units separations of the two languages for instruc tion with no translation and no repeated lessons in the other language use of each language in 50 percent of the instructional time an addictive e.g. adding a new language at no cost to students first language bilingual environment that has the full support of school administrators, teachers and parents and an active parent-school partnerships. However, regardless of all the benefits of dual lingual education as shown in the research, some politicians in calcium take over think that English should be the one and only dominated language in United States. Hence, they brought up Proposition 227 to replace the bilingual and dual lingual education to total immersion method to help immigrant children learn English as fast as possible. Nevertheless, many researchers discovered that bilingual education has helped children learn English faster than the total immersion method (Krashen, 2005 Manyak, 2006 Monzo, 2005 Olson, 2007). Bilingual education has likewise helped students build more pos itive self identity by providing a sheltered learning environment (Monzo).Recommendation After learning from the studies conducted by some researchers, the Taiwanese government must reexamine their educational policy that resulted in the total ban of bilingual kindergarten education in Taiwan. I recommend that the Taiwanese government conduct an empirical study on the possible effects of dual language kindergarten education in Taiwan and recruit volunteer participants to determine if the Chinese and English bilingual kindergarten education should be reopened as an educational option for Taiwanese children. I would also like to suggest a research design which includes the preparation of the curriculum, teachers preparation, students selections and students evaluation.Curriculum Prior to conducting a research, the Education Ministry of Taiwan must initially design a Chinese and English dual lingual curriculum for kindergarten pupils. The easiest and most efficient way is to translate the current kindergarten curriculum into English. In this method, the traditional Taiwanese values are neither changed nor altered and the English language was only used as a medium of instruction. This uniform and continuing curriculum, which is part of the current dual language program, has been proven to be the most beneficial way for students learning.Teacher Preparation Secondly, the government must prepare all the teachers who will be involved in teaching the dual language program. The selection of teachers who would teach the Chinese curriculum is not as difficult as selecting teachers who could teach the English curriculum. For the Chinese curriculum, experienced teachers can be selected among a roster of kindergarten teachers. Since the current law forbids the hiring of non-Taiwanese citizens, it would not be easy to straightaway hire English instructors. There may be few Taiwanese people who could teach using the English fluently, have a solid land in early childhood e ducation and fully understand the Taiwanese culture.Since learning the language while keeping the Taiwanese cultural background are two major purposes of the dual language program, I would suggest to the Ministry of Education in Taiwan to hire Taiwanese Americans or Taiwanese people who have studied abroad for a long enough period of time and have attained a good level of English fluency. The qualification to beat a kindergarten teacher in Taiwan should not be based on the nationality but on the teachers English capability and taking into custody of Taiwanese culture.With regards to having a solid knowledge on the background of kindergarten education, I believe that teachers can be prepared within few months of extensive workshops as I became a primary teacher at an award winning independent primary school in Connecticut after a calendar week of intensive training and continuing professional development throughout the school year. In my job, I performed well as a foreign teacher. Through experience, I personally felt that it is possible to prepare any teacher for the background knowledge. Further research on this issue could be conducted to be assured that only the most qualified teachers are selected for the program.Students Selection and Follow-Up Plan Participating pupils should be voluntary and the opportunity to be a participant should be well broadcasted to all the parents who have children who are about to be enrolled in kindergarten schools. Students should be chosen from families of a mixed social economic status to represent the parkland student population in public kindergarten schools. Plans must be undertaken for students who are currently attending kindergarten so a continuing dual lingual elementary education can be achieved until the fifth grade as suggested by Garcia. Garcia discovered that the positive effects of dual language education will be manifested after 6 years of continuous education.The greatest challenge here is that all dual li ngual elementary schools in Taiwan are tete-a-tete schools and therefore the tuition fees are not affordable by every family. For this problem, the government could either give vouchers or subsidize the tuition fees of the children who have attend the dual lingual kindergarten so they could study in private dual lingual elementary schools. In addition, the government can also put an sudor to open a public dual language elementary school in each grade level to accommodate the education needs of these students.selective information Analysis Students cognitive development and academic performance will be assessed through standardized testing and observation from teachers and parents. Data analysis will focus on the findings to determine if advance cognitive development and better academic performance were achieved by students who were given the dual language program in comparison with the dual language students performance in the United States and Canada as studied by Barrera (2004) and Chan (2004). To avoid overstressing students, the test will be carefully designed and will be taken semi-annually. Likewise, students progress will be recorded for six years.Conclusions Education is the best investment for the future of a country. With the influx of globalization and slopped economic and business competition, it is time for people of Taiwan to be armed with an education that could be comparable not only to their neighboring Asian countries but also to the western countries as well. The progress of the country highly depends on its young citizens and the best way for the young citizens to be competitive is by providing them with an educational tool that will enable them to communicate with other people across the globe. English has been considered as the universal language in many parts of the world.There are no negative effects in learning a foreign language as shown in many research studies. Hence, it is time for the government of Taiwan, specifically the Min istry of Education, to study their policies and reconsider the option of reopening bilingual kindergarten schools in Taiwan. If the government intends to be the educational leader in Asia, it is time to open their doors to accept the teaching of English in preschool level.ReferencesBarrera, R., et. al. (2004). Profiles in culture. Scholastic Early Childhood Today, 19(3), 46-48.Chan, K. T. (2004). Chinese English bilinguals theory-of-mind development. University of Toronto, Toronto.Cheung, S. C. C., Jen Ru (2002). The possibility of having english education and hiring foreign teachers in kindergartens in Taiwan. Ministry of Education, Taiwan. (T. Ministry of Education o. Document Number)Chuan, C. S. (2003). My child cant speak Chinese. Taipei New Parents.Farmer, M. (1998). Creating Montessori bilingual programs. Montessori Life, 10(2), 22-25.Garcia, E. E. (2007). Bilingual development and the education of bilingual children during early childhood. American daybook of Education, 95(1 ), 96-121.Krashen, S. (2005). Skyrocketing scores An urban legend. educational Leadership, 62(4), 37-39.Lu, H.-J. C., Tai-an. (2003). An evaluation on early childhood english education in taiwan-from the perspective of language policy. Transworld Institute of Technology, Taiwan.Manyak, P. C. (2006). Fostering biliteracy in a monolingual milieu Reflections on two counter-hegemonic English immersion classes. Journal of Early Childhood Literacy, 6(3), 241-266.Ministry of Education, Taiwan (2004). Educational policy of preschool English education.Monzo, L. D. (2005). Latino parents choice for bilingual education in an urban California school language politics in the aftermath of mesmerism 227. Bilingual Research Journal, 29(2), 365-386.Norbert, F. (2005). Research findings on early first language attrition implication for the discussion on critical periods in language acquisition. Language Learning, 55(3), 491-531.Pajares, F. (2007). Elements of a proposal. Available from the author.Pe arson, B. Z. (2007). Social factors in childhood bilingualism in the United States. Applied Psycholinguistics, 28(3).Schambach, J. (2006). Childhood bilingualism problems and possibilities. Kansas.Schofield, A. (2007). An investigation into the practices of a class of field-based student educators working in linguistically diverse early childhood centres. Australian Journal of Early Childhood, 32(2), 23-27.Stewart, M. R. (2004). Phonological awareness and bilingual preschoolers should we teach it and, if so, how? Early Childhood Education Journal 32(1), 31-37.Thomas, W. P. C., V. P. (2003). The multiple benefits of dual language dual-language programs educate both English learners and native English speakers without incurring extra costs. Educational Leadership, 61(2), 61-64.Torrez, N. M. (2001). Incoherent English immersion and California proposition 227. The Urban Review, 33(3), 207-20.Wu, S. F. C., Jen Ru. (2002). Examine preschool English education from the perspective of critic al study period. Human Education Journal, 158.